Use Ayurveda for a healthy and glowing skin

Our skin faces a constant barrage of chemicals everyday from pollution to harsh chemically formulated products that strip the skin of its natural balance. These simple Ayurvedic home remedies help you to attain a clear, healthy and glowing complexion. Ayurveda mentions many simple natural ways to maintain a healthy and glowing skin. Using these natural ways, one can stay beautiful for a longer period without having to suffer the side effects of the chemicals. Below are some simple 'secrets' to achieve a naturally beautiful skin. Mix equal quantities of cucumber juice, rose water and lime juice. Wash the face and apply it overnight. Rinse off in the morning. This clears the complexion and keeps it healthy.

* Take 50 ml. of raw (not boiled) milk and mix a pinch of salt and two teaspoonful of lime juice in it. Use it as a cleansing lotion. It helps to clean the deep pores of skin.

* Mix equal quantities of lime juice, glycerin and rose water. This lotion if applied to the face regularly at bed time is very useful in removing pimples, blackheads and other stains of the skin. It makes the skin soft, and can also be applied to other parts of the body (hands, feet etc.)

* Take 50 ml. of tomato juice and mix with one teaspoon of lemon juice. Apply this mixture to the face. It helps to make the skin soft and glowing.

* Take equal quantities of turmeric powder and wheat flour and make a paste with sesame oil. Apply it to the face to remove unwanted hair.

* Apply orange juice to the face for smooth and soft skin.

* Take 30 ml. of cabbage juice and mix one teaspoon of honey in it. This mixture, if applied regularly to the face, helps to keep the wrinkles away.

* Make a paste of raw carrots and apply it to the face. Wash it after one hour. The skin will become glowing.

* Regular application of mint juice to the face helps to remove stains. Try out some of these simple natural remedies for smooth, clear and radiant complexion.

Earthquake Safety Tips

Some 80 percent of all the planet's earthquakes occur along the rim of the Pacific Ocean, called the "Ring of Fire" because of the preponderance of volcanic activity there as well. Most earthquakes occur at fault zones, where tectonic plates—giant rock slabs that make up the Earth's upper layer—collide or slide against each other. These impacts are usually gradual and unnoticeable on the surface; however, immense stress can build up between plates. When this stress is released quickly, it sends massive vibrations, called seismic waves, often hundreds of miles through the rock and up tothe surface. Other quakes can occur far from faults zones when plates are stretched or squeezed.

Scientists assign a magnitude rating to earthquakes based on the strength and duration of their seismic waves. A quake measuring 3 to 5 is considered minor or light; 5 to 7 is moderate to strong; 7 to 8 is major; and 8 or more is great.

On average, a magnitude 8 quake strikes somewhere every year and some 10,000 people die in earthquakes annually. Collapsing buildings claim by far the majority of lives, but the destruction is often compounded by mud slides, fires, floods, or tsunamis. Smaller temblors that usually occur in the days following a large earthquake can complicate rescue efforts and cause further death and destruction.


Loss of life can be avoided through emergency planning, education, and the construction of buildings that sway rather than break under the stress of an earthquake.



Earthquake Safety Tips

Earthquakes are a common occurrence, rumbling below Earth's surface thousands of times every day. But major earthquakes are less common. Here are some things to do to prepare for an earthquake and what to do once the ground starts shaking.



Safety Tips

· Have an earthquake readiness plan.

· Consult a professional to learn how to make your home sturdier, such as bolting bookcases to wall studs, installing strong latches on cupboards, and strapping the water heater to wall studs.

· Locate a place in each room of the house that you can go to in case of an earthquake. It should be a spot where nothing is likely to fall on you.

· Keep a supply of canned food, an up-to-date first aid kit, 3 gallons (11.4 liters) of water per person, dust masks and goggles, and a working battery-operated radio and flashlights.

· Know how to turn off your gas and water mains.



If Shaking Begins

· Drop down; take cover under a desk or table and hold on.

· Stay indoors until the shaking stops and you're sure it's safe to exit.

· Stay away from bookcases or furniture that can fall on you.

· Stay away from windows. In a high-rise building, expect the fire alarms and sprinklers to go off during a quake.

· If you are in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow.

· If you are outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings, trees, and power lines. Drop to the ground.

· If you are in a car, slow down and drive to a clear place. Stay in the car until the shaking stops.


Did You Know?
The largest recorded earthquake in the world was a magnitude 9.5 (Mw) in Chile on May 22, 1960.

Useful Information about the Motor Vehicle Act of India

The Motor Vehicles Department has been established under section 213 (1) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988. This is a Central Act applicable throughout the country. Motor Vehicles Department is mainly responsible for enforcing various provisions of this Act. Motor Vehicles Department is headed by the Transport Commissioner.

The main functions of the Motor Vehicles Department :

1. Enforce the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, the Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 and

the Maharashtra Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989.

2. Ensure a co-ordinated development of Road Transport through the regim of permit.

3. Levy and collection of tax on Motor Vehicles under the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1959 and
on Passengers under the Bombay Motor Vehicles (Transportation of Passengers) Act, 1958.

Activities performed by the Motor Vehicles Department :

1. Issue of Learner’s License to drive a motor vehicle.

2. Issue of permanent license to drive a motor vehicle and renew the same.

3. Issue Badges to the drivers of Public Service Vehicles like Auto rickshaw, Taxis etc

4. Issue International Driving Permits.

5. Issue permits to Stage Carriages.

6. Registration of Motor Vehicles.

7. Assignment of registration mark of this State in respect of vehicles registered in other State and
kept for use in this State for a period more than one year.

8. Grant Certificate of Fitness to transport vehicles.

9. Inspect private vehicles which are more than 15 years old and renew the registration.

10. Issue Permits to Transport Vehicles, counter-sign them and thereby keep control on Transport
Vehicles.

11. Issue of authorisations and permits for National Permit Vehicles.

12. Issue authorisations and permits for All India Tourist Cabs and Buses.

13. Ensure that the motor vehicles are covered by valid certificates of insurance.

14. Take action on vehicle owners not complying with the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act and
the Tax Act.

15. Levy and collect Motor Vehicles Tax as provided under the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958
and enforce the related provisions.

16. Levy and collect the tax on passengers under the Bombay Motor Vehicles (Taxation on
Passengers) Act, 1958 and enforcements the related provisions.

17. Prepare and up-date office record pertaining to all the above activities.

The office of the Transport Commissioner is located at Mumbai.

The State has been divided into 13 Regions and each region is headed by a Regional Transport Officer (RTO).

There are 3 Regions in the city of Mumbai.

The offices in Mumbai are located at Tardeo (i.e. Regional Transport Office, Mumbai (Central), Andheri (i.e. Regional Transport Office, Mumbai (West) and Worli (i.e. Regional Transport office (East). The other Regional Transport Offices are located at Thane, Pune, Aurangabad, Amravati, Nasik, Nagpur, Kolhapur, Nagpur, Dhule and Nanded.

Transport Commissioner Office Address - Administrative Bldg., 4th Floor, Govt. Colony,

Opp. Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Garden, Bandra (East), Mumbai - 400 051.

Phone - 022-26516336 Fax - 022-26414901

Field Offices

Region Code Office Name Details

MH-01 Regional Transport Office, Mumbai Central Address - Old Bodygaurd Lane, Tulshiwadi, Tardeo,

Mumbai - 34

Phone - 022-24932337, 24944600/01/02

Fax - 022-24944603

MH-02 Regional Transport Office, Mumbai West Address - 111-D, Ambivali Village, Nr. Manish Nagar,

Versova Rd., Andheri (W), Mumbai - 53

Phone - 022-26362252, 26319821

Fax - 022-26366957

MH-03 Regional Transport Office, Mumbai East Address - B-2, 3rd Floor, Wadala Truck Terminal,

Wadala, Mumbai (E.) - 37

Phone - 022-24036479, 24036221, 24930299,

24036518

Fax - 022-24935857

MH-04 Regional Transport Office, Thane Address - Near Central Jail, Thane - 400601

Phone - 022- 25340474, 25823580, 25823400

(Murphy)

Fax - 022-25366550

MH-05 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Kalyan Address - Tapsi Pande Compund, Rambhau Patwardhan

Road, Kalyan - 421301

Phone - 0251-2230505, 2230888

Fax - -

MH-06 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Pen Address - Municipal Office Compound, AT & Post, Pen,

Dist. Raigad.

Phone - 02413-252234

Fax - 02413-254403, 256073

MH-07 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Sindhudurg Address - Bogate Bldg., At & Post Kudal, Dist.

Sindhudurg

Phone - 02362-222050

Fax - 02362-222050

MH-08 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Ratnagiri Address - Blcok No.18/19, Shivaji Stadium, Near Maruti

Temple, Ratnagiri

Phone - 02352-229444, 220707

Fax - 02352-230377

MH-43 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Vashi

(Navi Mumbai)

Address - APMC Market Compund, Vashi, Navi

Mumbai.

Phone - 022-27650701

Fax - 022-27650702

MH-09 Regional Transport Office, Kolhapur Address - Kolhapur, 213 'E' Nagala Park, Kolhapur

Phone - 0231-2663131

Fax - 0231-2661010, 2665454

MH-10 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Sangli Address - Madhav Nagar Road, Industrial Estate, Sangli -

416416

Phone - 0233-2310555/888

Fax - 0233-2311099

MH-11 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Satara Address - 484, Sadar Bazar, Bhurke Bungalow, Camp,

Satara - 415001

Phone - 02162-230330

Fax - 02162-235888

MH-12 Regional Transport Office, Pune Address - 38, Dr. Ambedkar Road, Near Sangam Bridge,

Pune - 411001

Phone - 020-26058282/080/090/555

Fax - 020-26058282

MH-13 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Solapur Address - Vijaypur Road, S.T. Colony, Sundaram Nagar,

Solapur - 413004

Phone - 0217-2303099

Fax - 0217-2339134

MH-14 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Pimpri-

Chinchwad

Address - Near Town Planning Pradhikaran, Nigdi,

Behind Primary School, Pimpri-Chinchwad

Phone - 020-27492828

Fax - 020-2749003

MH-42 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Baramati Address - Baramati

Phone - 02112-243111

Fax - 02112-243111

MH-45 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Akluj Address - Akluj, Tahshil - Malshiras, Dist. Solapur

Phone - 02185-231231

MH-15 Regional Transport Office, Nashik Address - Peth Road, Panchvati, Nashik - 422004

Phone - 0253-2530038, 2531070

Fax - 0253-2530181

MH-16 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Address - Bungalow No.8, Nagar Bandori Rd.,

Ahmednagar Ahmednagar

Phone - 0241-2430114, 2431530

MH-17 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Shrirampur Address - Market Yard, Nevasa Road, Shrirampur

Phone - 02422-222175, 223102

MH-41 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Malegaon Address - Malegaon

Phone - 02554-258850

Fax - 02554-258850

MH-18 Regional Transport Office, Dhule Address - Govt. Colony, Station Rd, Dhule - 424001

Phone - 02562-281351

Fax - 02562-281351

MH-19 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Jalgaon Address - Govt. Colony, Station Rd, Jalgaon-425001

Phone - 0257-2262619, 2261819

Fax - 0257-2261819

MH-39 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Nandurbar Address - Nandurbar

Phone - 02564-223522

MH-20 Regional Transport Office, Aurangabad Address - Near Rly. Station, Aurangabad - 431001

Phone - 0240-2331135

Fax - 0240-2331133

MH-21 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Jalna Address - Group No.246, Nagewadi, Taluka & Dist.Jalna

Phone - 02482-220929

MH-23 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Beed Address - Bhave Bldg., Nr. Deepak Bungalow, Old

Champwati Oil Mill, Barsi Naka, Beed -

431122

Phone - 02442-222632

Fax - 02442-230398

MH-25 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Osmanabad Address - Shivneri Bungalow, Nr. Bhosala School,

Bawankar Bldg., Osmanabad

Phone - 02472-27555

MH-44 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Ambejogai Address - Ambejogai, Dist. Beed

MH-26 Regional Transport Office, Nanded Address - Abdulla Hill, Nr. Aerodram, Nanded - 431601

Phone - 02462-259900

Fax - 02462-219900

MH-22 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Parbhani Address - Rajesh Bldg., Nr. Mohite Garage, Shivam

Nagar, Parbhani - 431401

Phone - 02452-248148

MH-24 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Latur Address - Near Dutta Mandir, Vora Road, Latur

Phone - 02382-242434

MH-38 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Hingoli Address - Hingoli

Phone - 02456-248048

MH-27 Regional Transport Office, Amarvati Address - Near Collectorate Camp, Amaravati - 444602

Phone - 0721-2662032

Fax - 0721-2662606

MH-28 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Buldhana Address - Old Vibhag Niyantrak Karyalaya, Nr. S.T. Bus

Stand, Buldhana

Phone - 07262-242244

MH-29 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Yavatmal Address - Shri Sarfaraj Bldg., Jafar Nagar, Pandharkwada

Road, Yevatmal

Phone - 07232-255111

MH-30 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Akola Address - Krishi Nagar, Akola Maruti Bazar Road,

Jamnalal Bajaj Goenka Marg, Akola

Phone - 0724-2459488, 2662606

Fax - 0724-2459099

MH-41 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Washim Address - Washim

Phone - 07252-235244

MH-31 Regional Transport Office, Nagpur Address - Opp. Giripeth Post Office, Nagpur - 440001

Phone - 0712-2560781

Fax - 0712-2561698

MH-32 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Wardha Address - Administartive Bldg., Collector Office

Compound, Sevagram Road, Wardha-442001

Phone - 07152-243543

MH-40 Regional Transport Office, Nagpur (Rural) Address - Nagpur (Rural)

Phone - 0712-2549240

MH-33 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Gadchiroli Address - New Administrative Bldg., Campus

Collectorate, Gadchiroli

Phone - 07132-22295

MH-34 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Chandrapur Address - Nagina Bag Ward, Borke Plot, Chandrapur -

442401

Phone - 07172-255372

MH-35 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Gondia Address - Dr. Vajyapee Bunglow Civil Lines, Gondia -

440016

Phone - 07182-22900

MH-36 Dy. Regional Transport Office, Bhandara Address - Bhandara

Phone - 07184-258165

Registration & Important Note

An application for temporary registration shall be made in form C.R Tem.A.

No dealer of vehicle can deliver the unregistered motor vehicle to the purchaser.

He can only deliver the vehicles which are temporarily /permanently registered with R.T.O.

No owner of a motor vehicle can allow or permit the use of unregistered vehicle.

No person can drive a motor vehicle, which is not registered with R.T.O.

Temporary registration is valid for the period of 7 days initially and extended up to not exceeding 30 days in case of non transport vehicles. This validity is extended for some more period with the permission of registering authority in case of transport vehicles. In case of transport vehicle you need a time to construct the body of vehicle over the chassis hence you need temporary registration.

In case of non-transport vehicles, to take the vehicle to the place of registration from the dealer’s premises you need to register the vehicle temporarily. Temporary registration is valid for the period of 7 days initially and extended up to not exceeding 30 days incase of non transport vehicles .This validity is extended for some more period with the permission of registering authority in case of transport vehicles.

Registration of New Vehicle

• Register the new vehicle within 7 days from the date of taking delivery from the dealer excluding
the period of journey for vehicles on temporary registration.

• No dealer of vehicle can deliver the unregistered motor vehicle to the purchaser. He can only deliver
the vehicles which are temporarily /permanently registered with R.T.O.

• No owner of a motor vehicle can allow or permit the use of unregistered vehicle.

• No person can drive a motor vehicle, which is not registered with R.T.O.

• Get the vehicle registered directly from the dealer on his trade certificate.

• Produce vehicle for inspection to RTO . Vehicle is inspected by an inspector of it confirms to the
provision of Act & rule then vehicle tax is recovered & new registration number is assigned.

How to Apply for Registration of Vehicle

1. Form 20

2. Sale certificate in Form 21 given by dealer.

3. Roadworthiness certificate in form 22 ,22-A from the manufacturer.

4. Approval from Transport Commissioner.

5. Purchase invoice (for vehicles attracting life time tax).

6. Temporary registration if any.

7. PAN number or Form-60 in two copies (expect 2 wheelers ).

8. Valid insurance certificate.

9. Address proof.

10. Roadworthiness certificate in form 22-A part II from the body builder for transport vehicles.

11. Bill of entry for imported vehicles.

12. Octroi receipt if registering in municipal limits.

13. Manufacturers certificate for invalid carriage.

14. Customs clearance certificate in case of imported vehicles along with license & bond if any.

15. Design approval from transport commissioner in the case of a trailer.

16. 7/12 abstract or tahasildar certificate in the case of agricultural tractor & trailer.

17. Entry tax payment proof if any vehicle, body or tanker is purchased from outside the state.

18. Fee

19. All valid documents of the vehicle.

If vehicle registered in one state is to be kept or used in other state for the period of more

than a year then the vehicle needs to be registered in the later state new registration

number to be assigned . While doing so, the NOC from original registering authority &

consent of financier needed to be furnished.

How to Apply

1. Form 20, Form 26, Form 27.

2. Form 33 In case of change of address only.

3. Form 29, Form 30 In case of transfer of ownership.

4. Form FT, Form AT.

5. NOC in Form 28 with chassis print affixed on it from the original registering authority along with
consent from financier.

6. Form TCA, Form TCR – incase of transport vehicles only.

7. Proof of payment of entry tax in case vehicle has arrived within 30 months of date of it's first
registration.

8. An affidavit from the owner of the vehicle stating that vehicle in concerned in not involved in any accident, theft or crime.

9. Fee.

10. All valid documents of the vehicle.

Registration for VIP Numbers

Conditions

• Under MMVR 1989 R54 the applications for new VIP nos. will be accepted from 5th February 2002
onwards during office hours.

• On grant of the VIP nos the applicant shall pay the prescribed fees on the same day or on the
following day during cash hours from 10:00 A.M. to 2:30 P.M.

• The notified nos are available on payment of Rs.10000/- subject to availability. And the jumping nos
from current no. upto 1000 (except those notified) will be assigned on payment of Rs. 4000/-
subject to availability.

• If more than one applications are received on one day, the nos will be allotted by lottery system by Dy. R.T.O. at 5.30 hrs on same day.

• Reservation for such nos will be in force and will be valid for 30 days only.

• All applications on plain paper will be accepted at R.T.O. main office by the concerned clerk of Non- Transport Series.

Transfer of Motor Vehicle Ownership

Time Limit

• Within the same office area - 14 days

• In the jurisdiction of other authority - 30 days

Documents Required

• Form 29 - Declaration of seller.

• Form 30 - Declaration of purchaser.

• Form 28 - NOC in case of vehicles from outside address proof PUC certificate, Insurance region/state

certificate, Registration Certificate, Tax Certificate) accompanied by prescribed fees.

Issue of Driving License

Learning License

Steps to obtain your Learner's License

Check up if you are medically fit. (Your doctor will confirm this on page two of Form 2)

Applicant should be

• 16 years old if you are to drive personal vehicles below 50 cc.

• 18 years old if you are to drive personal vehicles above 51 cc.

• 20 years old if you are to drive transport vehicles (passenger & goods transport). Form 1 & Form 2

(for non-transport, i.e. personal vehicle) or Form1A & Form2 (for transport Licence i.e. autorikshaw,

taxi, truck used for transport business)

Attach to the form

• Two passport-size photographs.

• One proof of your address such as ration card, electricity bill, telephone bill, voter's card, insurance

certificate, passport etc (original and its photocopy; original will be returned to you).

• One proof of your age such as birth certificate, school or college Leaving Certificate (original and its

photocopy; original will be returned to you).

Permanent Licence

A person after completion of thirty days of Learner’s licence may apply for the test of

competence to drive to the licencing Authority in whose jurisdiction he resides.

Documents Required and tests

• Form 4

• Learner’s licence

• Three copies of recent photographs

• Proof of age and address as per Rule 4 of Central Motor Vehicle rules except Ration card.

• Driving school’s certificate in Form 5 for all transport vehicles

• Fee

• All valid documents of the vehicle on which the test to be conducted

• Ability of the Applicant

• Adjust rear view mirror.

• Take suitable precautions like fastening of seat belts etc before starting engine.

• Move away safely and smoothly straight ahead at an angle while at the same time use of all gears.

• Change quickly to lower gear when the traffic conditions warrant such change.

• Change quickly to lower gears while driving down hill.

• Stop and restart on steep upward incline make proper use of hand brakes and of the foot

• brakes without rolling back, turn right and left corners correctly using rear view mirror

• Over take and allow to be overtaken safely with proper caution giving appropriate signals.

• Give appropriate signals by hand or by electrical indicators clearly without mistake.

• Change the lanes using proper signals with care.

• Stop the vehicle in an emergency safely.

• Use of the reverse gear while driving the vehicle backwards with reasonable accuracy.

• Use the forward and reverse gears to change the face of vehicle in opposite direction.

• Take correct and prompt action at signals given by traffic signs, signals, policemen and other road

users.

• Drive cautiously at pedestrians crossings giving preference to persons crossing the road.

• Keep well to the left in normal driving.

• Regulate the speed to suit varying road and traffic conditions.

• Demonstrate control of the vehicle by confident steering and smooth gear changing and braking as

and when required.

• Make proper use of rear view mirror before signaling, maneuvering, overtaking, turning to right or

stopping.

• Use proper side when driving straight, turning and at road junctions.

• Make proper use of accelerator, clutch, gears, brakes, steering and horn.

• Anticipate the actions of other road users.

• Take precautions at intersections & road junctions to adjust the speed, proper positioning of the

vehicle, use rear view mirror & avoidance of cutting right hand corner.

• Concentrate on driving with attention & presence of mind.

• Show courtesy & consideration for other road users keeping in mind the road safety.

A person is granted the driving licence after successfully passed the test of competence to drive. If he does not pass the said test then he may appear for retest after a period of seven days.

Note : If you are to drive public/goods carrier vehicle, you have to fill up Form 5 and attach proof of your address and age as in 1 and 2 above.

Renewal of Driving Licence

Documents Required

• Form 9

• Driving licence

• Application –cum-declaration as to physical fitnees in Form 1

• Medical Certificate in Form 1-A

• Three copies of applicants recent photographs

The driving license is renewed with effect from the date of its expiry when the application is made before its expiry or within thirty days grace period. The driving license is renewed with effect from the date of renewal when the application is made after the grace period. The driving license cannot be renewed after the period of five years when it has ceased to be effective. If the license is from other state it is desirable that the applicant should bring No Objection Certificate (N.O.C.) / confirmation of driving license from Original Licensing Authority.

Validity of Motor Driving License

Type of License


Validity

Learner's License


6 Months

Transport License


3 Years

License to drive vehicle carrying hazardous chemicals


1 Year

After the age of 50 yrs


5 Years

All other class of license (Till the age of 50 years)


20 years or up to the age of 50 yrs whichever is earlier

International Driving Permit

If you are interested to show your skills on foreign land you are required to obtain International driving permit. IDP is valid only in the country we have signed under UN conversion.

Basic Requirement

1. Valid driving license

2. Passport

3. Visa

4. Medical Certificate in Form IA

5. Payment of prescribed fees (at present Rs.500/- only)

6. Applicant should submit the application in whose jurisdiction he stays. It is advisable to applicant to

get the necessary changes about the address on motor driving license before submitting the

application for IDP.

7. The applicant is required to appear before licensing authority for grant of IDP. Form of IDP (to be

collected from Head Clerk MDL)

Disqualification & Revocation

If a licensing authority is satisfied, after giving the holder of a driving license an opportunity of being heard, that the –

A. Is a habitual criminal or a habitual drunkard; or

B. Is a habitual addict to any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance within the meaning of the

Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985; or

C. Is using or has used a motor vehicle in the commission of a cognizable offence; or

D. Has by his previous conduct as driver of a motor vehicle shown that his driving is likely to be

attended with danger to the public; or

E. Has obtained any driving license or a license to drive a particular class or description of motor

vehicle by fraud or misrepresentation; or

F. Has committed any such act which is likely to cause nuisance or danger to the public, as may be

prescribed by the Central Government, having regard to the objects of his Act; or

G. Has failed to submit to, or has not passed, the test referred to in the proviso to sub-section (3) of

section 22; or

H. Being a person under the age of eighteen years who has been granted a learner's license or a driving

license with the consent in writing of the person having the care of the holder of the license and

has ceased to be such care,

It may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, make an order -

1. Disqualifying that person for a specified period for holding or obtaining any driving license to drive all

or any classes or descriptions of vehicles specified in the license; or

2. Revoke any such license

INSURANCE

The motor vehicle insurance certificate is a legal requirement as per Motor Vehicle Act 1988 (sec 146 & 147). It gives financial protection from accidental risk. It is very much dangerous and illegal to drive a motor vehicle without insurance.

Type of Motor Vehicle Insurance

1. Third party policy

This covers the risk or damages caused to the third person. Personal injuries and personal

vehicle damages will not be covered by this policy. For two wheeler vehicles we can take this policy for life time. For other vehicles this policy has to be renewed annually. This is the cheapest available motor vehicle insurance policy. This policy can be renewed two months in advance of its expiry.

2. Comprehensive policy

This is the costly policy. It covers both personal and third party risk. We have to renew this policy annually, and it can be renewed two months in advance anywhere in India.

3. Transfer of insurance

Third party insurance policy changes automatically when the registered owner changes. In case of comprehensive policy an application is to be made for change of ownership in the policy.

4. Duplicate Insurance Certificate

If the motor vehicle insurance certificate is lost or defaced, duplicate copy may be obtained by making an application to the concerned Insurance company branch by paying fees of Rs. 50/-.

Accident Claim

To obtain motor vehicle claims of an accident, one has to make detailed claim to the concerned insurance company. One who makes a claim application has to submit following documents.

• Valid driving license.

• Valid insurance certificate.

• Valid registration certificate.

• Valid tax certificate.

• First information report (FIR).

• Valid permit for a transport vehicle.

• Valid fitness certificate for transport vehicles.

• Claim estimation report by an authorised surveyor of the Company.

Road Safety Measures

• Defensive Driving

Defensive driving means driving in a manner that prevents accidents in spite of adverse driving conditions and situations created by others who may not follow rules. Knowledge of correct rules and

techniques, and the ability to handle unexpected emergencies are requirements for a good driver. It is the knowledge that can help you to successfully tackle any situation caused by other's mistakes, bad roads, adverse weather, traffic conditions, mechanical failure of your vehicle, etc.

• Accelerating

Do not roll back when you start. Partly engage the clutch before you make your foot off the brake. Set the handbrake and release it only when you have applied enough engine power to prevent rolling back. Speed up smoothly and slowly, so that the vehicle does not jerk. Rough acceleration can cause damage to the coupling, when pulling a trailer. Sudden speeding on a wet or slippary surface can cause skidding.

• Reversing

Since you cannot see everything behind your vehicle, reversing requires extra caution. Remember the following tips.

1. Look at your reversing path before you begin.

2. Reverse slowly, using mirrors.

3. As far as possible, turn towards the driver's side. Turning towards the other side is dangerous

because of limited view behind.

4. Never reverse from a minor side road onto a major road.

5. Fit reversing light and audible warning signal.

6. Always use a helper.

7. Do not reverse longer than absolutely necessary.

o Technology, Advantages & Differences between LCD & LED TVs

Given the types of television it could be very confusing and difficult for layman to choose the best Television for oneself. Now with the launch of LED the choice has become wider and more difficult. However, the choice between LCD & LED is the most head scratching.

This article will let you know the real factors and reasons on basis of which you can select the best one between LCD & LED for yourself.

What’s the technology behind LCD & LED?
LED set uses light emitting diodes to create much more vibrant and flicker free image. The Blacks are truly black and not dark gray. The colours are more realistic compared to LCD screen. LED TVs also have a higher refresh rate, which will help when watching shows with motion like an action movie or sports. On the other hand, LCD TVs use liquid crystal compressed between two glass plates. An image is created when electricity is applied to these crystals. LED TVs use liquid crystal, but unlike regular LCD televisions they use a backlight made of hundreds of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) instead of a fluorescent lamp.

The Price Factor
The picture quality itself, is very minor especially if you own a high end LCD Television. So with LED you actually pay 50% more for ‘thin’ television. Considering you won’t be spending oodles of time staring at the edge of the TV, price would nudge you towards an LCD.

Contrast & Picture Quality
These are the factors where LED TVs have an upper hand. It has amazing contrast ratio and also stays very smooth on your eyes. A Television’s contrast ratio represents its ability to show detail high contrast areas of the screen, in the form of minute gradations of colour and blacks or whites. For example, a panel with a low contrast ratio will struggle to show the higher or lower extremes of an image. An LCD screen has a single backlight array that can only alter brightness levels for the entire screen. The latest LED backlighttechnology allows the television to individually control backlight segments. This technology allows for contrast as higher as Plasma Televisions. However edge-lit LED televisions – usually available in an ultra-slim form factor - will have lower dynamic contrast ratios than the backlit LED models. Make sure you check this detail before purchase.

Viewing Angle
You might have noticed that although these sets look great upfront, the more you move to the side, the less of the screen’s picture you get to see. Many Television Brands quote very unrealistic viewing angles. The best way is to test LCD or LED personally by watching from different angles. LED TVs have higher viewing angles than LCD TVs due to their decentralized backlight distribution.

Green Rating (Power Consumption)
Most LCD televisions require a single fluorescent backlight to be lit. A 42 inch LCD consumes around 200 watts in normal use. LED televisions have energy-efficient back-lightning and this allows them to have energy consumption of up to 40 % less than LCD televisions. This makes LED cost effective in long run.

These NokiaUniversal Codes will work on most Nokia Mobile Phones

Nokia Universal Codes Code Description : These Nokia codes will work on most Nokia Mobile Phones

(1) *3370# Activate Enhanced Full Rate Codec (EFR) - Your phone uses the best sound quality but talk time is reduced my approx. 5%

(2) #3370# Deactivate Enhanced Full Rate Codec (EFR) OR *3370# ( F avourite )

(3) *#4720# Activate Half Rate Codec - Your phone uses a lower quality sound but you should gain approx 30% more Talk Time.

(4) *#4720# Deactivate Half Rate Codec.

(5) *#0000# Displays your phones software version, 1st Line : Software Version, 2nd Line : Software Release Date, 3rd Line : Compression Type. ( Favourite )

(6) *#9999# Phones software version if *#0000# does not work.

(7) *#06# For checking the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI Number). ( Favourite ) (Cool #pw+1234567890+ 1# Provider Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols).

(8) #pw+1234567890+ 2# Network Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols).

(9) #pw+1234567890+ 3# Country Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols).

(10) #pw+1234567890+ 4# SIM Card Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" and "+" symbols).

(11) *#147# (vodafone) this lets you know who called you last.

(12) *#1471# Last call (Only vodofone).

(13) *#21# Allows you to check the number that "All Calls" are diverted to

(14) *#2640# Displays security code in use.

(15) *#30# Lets you see the private number.

(16) *#43# Allows you to check the "Call Waiting" status of your phone. (1 *#61# Allows you to check the number that "On No Reply" calls are diverted to.

(17) *#62# Allows you to check the number that "Divert If Unreachable (no service)" calls are diverted to.

(18) *#67# Allows you to check the number that "On Busy Calls" are diverted to.

(19) *#67705646# Removes operator logo on 3310 & 3330.

(20) *#73# Reset phone timers and game scores.

(21) *#746025625# Displays the SIM Clock status, if your phone supports this power saving feature "SIM Clock Stop Allowed", it means you will get the best standby time possible.

(22) *#7760# Manufactures code.

(23) *#7780# or *#7370# Restore factory settings.

(24) *#8110# Software version for the nokia 8110.

(25) *#92702689# Displays - 1.Serial Number, 2.Date Made, 3.Purchase Date, 4.Date of last repair (0000 for no repairs), 5.Transfer User Data. To exit this mode you need to switch your phone off then on again. ( Favourite ) (2 *#94870345123456789 # Deactivate the PWM-Mem.

(26) **21*number# Turn on "All Calls" diverting to the phone number entered.

(27) **61*number# Turn on "No Reply" diverting to the phone number entered.

(28) **67*number# Turn on "On Busy" diverting to the phone number entered.

(29) 12345 This is the default security code. press and hold # Lets you switch between lines

Home remedies for Constipation

Constipation is a very common condition that tends to affect more women than men. It generally appears to women just before their period or during pregnancy. It is normally not very serious although occasionally, complications can occur if the condition is not treated.
Symptoms of Constipation

· Stomach ache and cramps

· Change in your normal bowel pattern

· Headaches

· Furred tongue

· Loss of appetite

· Fatigue and depression

· Feeling bloated

· Feeling sick
Causes of Constipation

According to Ayurveda, constipation is generally caused due to aggravation of vata. But it can also be caused due to aggravation of pitta or kapha.

It is mainly caused by wrong eating habits and bowel habits. Eating too much of food that the digestive system can't handle, eating food items that are not easily digested by body, not taking enough fibrous food like fruits and vegetables, irregular sleeping pattern, mental tensions, etc can cause constipation.
Herbal Treatment for Constipation

The best laxative is triphala. When used as a laxative, triphala strengthens colon. Other laxatives are harsh on colon, which is unfavorable condition. Triphala balances metabolism, thereby ensuring more nourishment to blood. Take a teaspoon of triphala powder at bed time.

Triphala is basically an ayurvedic medicine that is popular as rasayana or the rejuvenator. It is the combination of three herbs. These herbs are

* Amla (Emblica officinalis)
* Harada (Terminalia chebula)
* Behada (Terminalia belerica)

Triphala is a valuable herb for digestive problems. It not only works as a mild laxative but also helps in improving the peristaltic movements in the gastro intestinal tract. It stimulates liver to secrete bile juices that are very essential for fat metabolism.

According to ayurvedic practitioners, it is one of the best colon cleansers and is highly recommended in constipation. It helps in detoxification of the body. It has gained the popularity as the mild laxative.

Also include fruits like papaya, mango, banana, grapes, oranges, apple etc in your diet. Carefully chew your food. Do not eat spicy, frozenfood items. Avoid food items that have preservatives.

Food prepared with cumin seeds, coriander, turmeric and fennel as condiments are easily digested.
Home Remedies for Constipation

1. Try drinking a glass of warm water with 1 teaspoon of honey and the juice of half a lemon or lime in the morning before you eat or drink anything else.

2. Integrate raisins, figs, dates or prunes into your diet. They help you in relieving constipation.

3. Eat at least 350 grams of grapes each day. The combination of the properties contained in the grapes, namely cellulose, sugar and organic make it a natural laxative food and helps you in curing constipation.

4. Eat bael fruit. This is regarded as the best of all natural laxatives and it can also clean and tone up a person's intestines. Using it regular for 2 to 3 months will even help to get rid of old accumalated faecal matter.

5. Chewing a few sticks of liquorice (mulathi) each day is also beneficial as this is a natural laxative. It is a very useful remedy for constipation.

6. Just before going to bed, put 3 teaspoons of psyllium husk (Sat Isabgol) into a cup of warm milk or water and drink.

7. Substitute white rice with brown rice and have a fiber cereal in the morning.

8. Avoid food items that are overcooked, refrigerated, preserved or canned. Replace refined starch food items with whole grain food items.
Useful Resources

* Constipation Cure
This is termed as any problem to bowel movements that may turn into dry stool or the defecation becomes troublesome. About 2-5% of the population is suffering from this one or the other way.
* Triphala for Colon Cleansing and Constipation
Triphala prevent aging, imparts immunity and improves mental faculties. It helps to detoxify the liver, restore digestion and purify blood. Triphala is widely used in a large number of medicinal preparations.

Foods to Avoid in Constipation

There are many types of foods that cause constipation. You should limit or eliminate your intake of these foods in order to prevent the onset of constipation symptoms. While constipation can occur in anyone and is not a serious illness, repeated bouts of constipation can lead to more serious illnesses. Sometimes constipation is a side effect of a medication or illness. If you are taking the medication or suffer from an illness that may involve constipation as a symptom of the illness, you should try to avoid foods that make the risk of constipation higher.

Here are some common foods that cause constipation:

* Milk
* Cheese
* Ice Cream
* Chips
* Pizza
* Instant mashed potatoes
* Pastries
* Cakes
* Cookies
* Fried Foods
* Processed Foods
* Wheat-based Foods
* Red Meat
* Dried Beans

In order to help prevent constipation you should avoid or limit your intake of dairy products, foods that are high in fat content, foods that are high in cholesterol content, and processed foods. Prepared meals that come in boxes is one type of food that causes constipation.
Foods That Help Relieve Constipation

There are many foods for constipation prevention and the relief of the symptoms of constipation:

* Bale fruit - cleans and tones intestines
* Bran products - provides fiber to soften stools
* Guava - provides needed roughage
* Corn syrup - helps to soften stools
* Sugar - helps to soften stools
* Spices - such as cumin, coriander, turmeric powder, fennel, and asafetida makes food easier to digest
* Apple Pectin - provide natural fiber
* Folic Acid - insufficient intake of folic acid can cause constipation
* Honey - natural form of sugar
* Lemon juice - drink with warm water 2-3 times daily

Other hubs on Constipation

* Home Remedies for Constipation
Constipation is not a pleasant feeling and sometimes linked with headache and lack of energy. This hub has covered causes, complications, diet, and home remedies to cure constipation.
* Best Constipation Cures at Home
Constipation refers to a health condition when fewer bowel movements are occurred than it should be. It is indeed an uncomfortable and embarrassing health situation that even require serious medical attention if continues for longer period

Avoid keyloggers for safe internet banking

Are you safe on your internet banking? Online banking fraud has doubled in the first half of 2009.

Some customers are still falling foul of ‘phishing’ schemes i.e emails that pretend to be from a bank and then direct customers to bogus websites where their passwords are stolen.

But more careful online bank customers are also suffering at the hands of underground hacking technology – ‘Keylogging’ – and is largely held responsible for the rise in online fraud. Unlike Phishing, this is not an attack that alert and sophisticated users can avoid.

A keylogger is a software program or a device designed to secretly monitor and log all keystrokes.

Many keyloggers hide themselves in the system (i.e. they have rootkit functionality), which makes them fully-fledged Trojan programs.

Unlike other types of malicious program, keyloggers present no threat to the system itself. Nevertheless, they can pose a serious threat to users, as they can be used to intercept passwords and other confidential information entered via the keyboard. So any PC – which could even be your home PC – can be vulnerable to keylogging software.

Here are some simple tips you can take to prevent being the next victim of a keylogging attack – after all prevention is definitely better than losing the money in your bank!!

Tip 1 – Have a robust and updated anti virus solution running

Most antivirus companies have already added known keyloggers to their databases, making protecting against keyloggers no different from protecting against other types of malicious program: install an antivirus product and keep its database up to date. However, since most antivirus products classify keyloggers as potentially malicious, or potentially undesirable programs, users should ensure that theirantivirus product will, with default settings, detect this type of malware. If not, then the product should be configured accordingly, to ensure protection against most common keyloggers.

Tip 2 – Use a firewall always

Most keylogger software transmit a “I am alive” message as well as the recorded keystrokes to the bot handler. To detect this, install a personal firewall on your PC and keep a track of the data that is being sent by your PC to the external world.

Configure an alert whenever any data is being transmitted to internet, review the alert and block the file or port if it is a suspicious data packet.

Tip 3 – Use a virtual keyboard

Another method which can be used to protect against both keylogging software and hardware is using a virtual keyboard. A virtual keyboard is a program that shows a keyboard on the screen, and the keys can be ‘pressed’ by using a mouse.

So if your net banking login screen has a virtual keyboard use it always.

The idea of an on-screen keyboard is nothing new – the Windows operating system has a built-in on-screen keyboard that can be launched as follows: Start > Programs > Accessories > Accessibility > On-Screen Keyboard. Unfortunately this emulates keystrokes and sends them to the application that has focus. Even the simplestkeylogger will catch all of the entries from the On screen keyboard as though they were typed.

Thus only specially designed virtual keyboards will prevent keylogging attempts …. we hope that the banks that have deployed virtual keyboards have specifically designed it that way.

Tip 4 – Check the system processes running

At weekly intervals check the system processes running by typing “msconfig” in your Run Command. Note down the processes that are currently running as well as the processes that are configured to automatically Start when your system boots.

Investigate suspicious processes – which is easier said than done !!

Unfortunately, malware processes are rarely named “evil keylogger.exe” !! Often malware, like keyloggers, have names that are similar to other normal processes like svchost.exe, making it difficult to distinguish between a safe process and a malicious one.
Further there are quite a few keyloggers that will not show up at all in the Task Manager process list.
Nevertheless, precaution is better than cure.

Tip 5 – Fool the keylogger – a simple way

Another tip – as suggested by a couple of researchers at Microsoft – is to type your password in random way.
Like if your password is “yourpassword”: Type “password” first then bring cursor to beginning, type “your”. This way you can fool keyloggers.

Tip 6 – Fool the keylogger – a more methodical way
The string of keys sent to the browser will often contain domain names, followed by userid and passwords.
For example the segment www.netbanking.xyz.comiamsafeweak123 tells the logger that user id “iamsafe” has password “weak123” at www.netbanking.xyz.com

So one way of fooling the keylogger is by entering random keys so that they will be seen by the keylogger, but will not affect normal login.The trick lies in the fact that keyloggers employ very low level OS calls. The keylogger sees everything, but it doesn’t understand what it sees. The browser also sees everything, but it doesn’t use everything that it sees: it does not know what to do with keys that are typed anywhere other than the text entry fields, and lets them fall on the floor. Thekeylogger has no easy way to determine which keys are used by the browser and which fall on the floor.

Between successive keys of the password enter random keys. The string that the keylogger receives will contain the password, but embedded in so much random junk that discovering it is not feasible.

Here is the method:

Navigate to the login page desired;

Type in the userid;

In the password field enter the first character of the password, then click somewhere outside the password field on a text (not a hyperlink) and enter some random characters, then click again on the password text field enter a few password characters and repeat this process.

The browser will ignore the random characters entered outside the password field, but the text that the keylogger will record will be something like

www.netbanking.xyz.comiamsafewrfeolsdfadjflkrefj1sdfsd2dfvjl3flsdlf

It involves typing random characters between successive characters of the password, and changing focus to and from the password field using the mouse.

Follow these tips and have a safe online banking experience.

Here are some ways to control Anger

Every day events make us angry – we may be angry at a specific person, event or memories of traumatic events. Anger is a completely normal, usually healthy, human emotion that varies in intensity from mild irritation to intense fury and rage.

However, anger when out of control can have both biological and psychological effects.

Biological effects include release of stress hormones, adrenaline and noradrenaline, leading to increase in blood pressure & heart rate. When this is repeated frequently or sustained over a prolonged period, it gives rise to heart disorders, acidity/gastric ulcers, lowered immunity to heart disorders, acidity/gastric ulcers, lowered immunity to infections and eventually multi-organ disorders.

Psychological effects of anger vary from turbulences in relationship & work impacting overall quality of life to behavioral problems like passive-aggressive personality disorder (getting back at people indirectly, without telling them why, rather than confronting them head-on) or a personality that seems perpetually cynical and hostile.

We are usually taught that it’s all right to express anxiety, depression or any other emotions but not anger. As a result, we don’t learn how to handle it or channel it constructively.

How does one control anger?
The first step is developing awareness, i.e. knowing when we are getting angry. After that handle the anger using the following strategies:

Relaxation Methods

· Deep breathing, meditation, yoga or counting 1 to 10.

· Slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as “relax”, “take it easy”. Repeat it while breathing deeply.

· Use imagery; visualize a relaxing experience, from either memory or imagination.

Practice any of these techniques daily so that one can use them automatically in a tense situation.

Changing the way we think & act

Timing: If you and your spouse tend to fight when you discuss things at night, perhaps you are tired, distracted or maybe it’s just habit. Try changing the time for discussing important matters to avoid arguments.

Avoidance: If your child’s messy room makes you furious every time you enter it, just shut the door. Don’t make yourself look at what infuriates you. Don’t expect your young child to always keep it clean.

Finding alternatives: If your daily commute through traffic leaves you in a state of rage and frustration, change to a route that is less congested or more scenic. If nothing works, try listening to your favourite music on the way.

Take it Easy

It is important not to be hard on oneself as well as others.

Me-time: Make sure you give some time to yourself in the day. E.g. A working mother may need 15 minutes after work to sit and relax. After this brief quiet time, she would be better prepared to handle demands from her kids without blowing up at them.

Using Humor: Anger is a serious emotion. If we refuse to take the situation seriously, it helps taking the edge off anger and unknots a tense situation. However, don’t give in too harsh or sarcastic humor, as it is another form of unhealthy anger expression.

Look after yourself: Pamper yourself, have good nutritious food, exercise regularly to release feel-good hormones (endorphins). Music, Hobbies & Laughter Therapy go a long way in feeling good.

Professional counseling is advisable if anger is out of control and affecting the quality of life.

Important Banking Safety Measures & Tips

Banking Safety Measures & Tips

Following are some very important banking security measures for safe banking and keeping all frauds at bay.

Keep following things in mind while writing or issuing a Cheque

· Fill up your own cheques. Do not rely on anyone else.

· Do not fail to write ‘Account Payee’ or ‘A/c Payee’, unless issued for cash withdrawals.

· Do not leave any space between ‘Pay’ and the name of the payee you write on the Cheque. Similarly, while entering the amount in words, do not leave any space after ‘Rupees’. Draw a line through the unused spaces to prevent any unauthorized additions or altercations.

· Strike out ‘Or Bearer’ unless issued for cash withdrawal.

· Do not leave any space between ‘Rs.’ and the amount in figures that you write. Always remember to specify the ONLY symbol ‘/-’ after the figure you have entered.

· Never Sign a cheque leaving the amount blank.

· Always use a pen with dark or permanent ink.

· Destroy old cancelled cheques, unless needed for taxation purposes.

· While issuing cheque for Credit Card Payment write full Credit Card Number.

· If you are issuing PDC (Post Dated Cheque), make a note of it in your records.

· Keep records of each and every cheque issued.



Handling Emails

· Beware of any e-greetings from any stranger or a ‘well wisher’ not known to you. Simply delete any such emails permanently. Even opening such an e-mail could unleash a virus or a Trojan onto your PC.

· Do not respond to any email asking for any kind of bank details (until you totally trust the sender) especially if it appears to be from the Bank itself. No reputed bank has the policy to ask for any details over email for security reasons.

· Don’t respond to any emails with your any personal details like address, bank name, ac number etc even if it claims that you’ve won a lottery of US$ 5,00,000.





Online Banking

· Do not ever write down your Login ID and Password at any place.

· Keep changing your Password frequently.

· Don’t set passwords which are easily guessable like birth date, cell phone number, anniversary date etc.

· Always set separate Login Password & Transaction Password.

· Always set alphanumeric Passwords ie combination of numbers and alphabets.

· If you have set an email id for Bank & Credit Card Statements, make sure to update it as and when needed.

· Make sure its HTTPS protocol while logging into your bank account.
(Check the address bar for HTTPS instead of usual HTTP)



Mobile Banking

· If possible try to avoid mobile banking as its still more vulnerable as compared to internet banking.

· In case of losing your cell phone, inform your bank immediately.

Microsoft Midori OS - Operating System is coming

WINDOWS is a name that has ruled the whole computer world since its first launch in November 1985. Since then it is like a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. With many advanced versions of Windows available today such as Windows XP, Windows Vista, it is the most used operating system in the world.

In 2010, Microsoft is going to launch WINDOWS 2007, but now here is time to experience a yet another technology of operating systems. Yes, MICROSOFT is working on a new generation of operating systems called Cloud-Based Operating System and rumors are there that MIDORI will be their first such operating system, which will replace Windows fully from computer map.

WHAT´S THE DIFFERENCE?
MIDORI is an offshoot of Microsoft Research´s Singularity operating system. In this the tools and libraries are completely managed code. MIDORI is designed to run directly on native hardware (x86, x64 and ARM), will be hosted on the Windows Hyper-V hypervisor, or even be hosted by a Windows process. MIDORI can be also seen as MICROSOFT´S answer those competitors who are applying "Virtualization" as a mean to solving issues within contemporary computing.

The main idea behind MIDORI is to develop a lightweight portable OS which can be mated easily to lots of various applications.

IMPORTANCE OF MIDORI
For knowing the importance of MIDORI you have to think about, how an operating system is loaded on a computer. Actually operating system is loaded onto a hard disk physically located on that machine. In this way, the operating system is tied very tightly to that hardware. As Windows is dependent on hardware, it might face opposition from contemporary ways of working because people are extremely mobile in using different devices in order get diverse information.

Due to this trend installing different applications on a single computer may led to different compatibility issues whenever the machine require updating. The new operating system will solve these problems by the concept of Virtualizing. This will solve problems such as widespread security vulnerabilities, unexpected interactions among different applications, failures caused by errant extensions, plug-ins, and drivers and many more.

ERIC RUDDER, Senior Vice President, Technical Strategy The importance of this project for MICROSOFT can be understood by the fact that company choose Eric Rudder , former head of Microsoft´s server and tools business and a key member of Chairman Bill Gates´ faction of the company, to handle it.

WHEN WILL IT BE LAUNCHED?
Just Wait and See. Microsoft has not declared any such date about launching of MIDORI, but there are rumors that this project is in incubation phase.

What are the causes of varicose veins?

Comfortable and sedentary life-style, modern fashion, special postures adopted while performing professional duties have contributed to increased incidence of diseases unheard-of in the past. Varicose vein is one of them and is a direct result of sedentary life-style. In India, 40% women and 20% men develop varicose veins in the age group of 30-60 years.

What is a varicose vein and how does it develop?
Veins are blood vessels carrying de-oxygenated (impure) blood from different parts of the body to the heart. They contain valves to ensure that blood flows in only one direction without any back flow. Due to some reason, if these valves do not function efficiently, there is a backflow and blood tends to accumulate in the veins making them abnormally thick, full of twists and turns or enlarged; such veins are called varicose veins.

Varicose Vein Legs

Where do varicose veins commonly develop?
They often show up on the legs, ankles and feet as they are farthest from the heart. Gravity pulls blood down into your legs and feet when you’re standing up or sitting down. So the veins have to work extra hard to get that blood back up tothe heart, and some of those veins can wear out over time.

What are the predisposing factors to develop varicose veins?

· Obesity

· Lack of exercise

· Females are more prone to develop varicose veins

· Increasing age

· Prolonged standing or sitting with legs down

· Abnormal pressure on veins during pregnancy

· Hormonal changes during menopause

What are the symptoms of varicose veins?

· Thickened, twisted, dilated, bluish veins below the skin.

· Pain, heaviness and tiredness in the legs

· Itching, irritation or rashes on the skin

Do varicose veins cause any health problems?

· Rashes, soreness and ulcers on the overlying skin tissue.

· The pooling of blood in these veins cause slow return of the blood to the heart. Clots can develop in the blood which can block the smaller blood vessels of vital organs like heart, lungs or brain.

· The veins could rupture and cause heavy bleeding.

· Phelibitis i.e. inflammation of the vein.

How are varicose veins treated?

Cases without complications:

· Regular exercises to improve the circulation and building muscle strength around the varicose veins.

· Reducing weight in case of obese individuals.

· Avoiding prolonged standing or sitting with legs hanging down. Ensure that your legs are raised while sitting & sleeping.

· Wearing elastic support stockings.

Cases with complications:

· Sclerotherapy: A solution is injected into the vein which causes the vein walls to stick together and shut the flow of blood. The vein turns into a scar tissue.

· Laser treatment is more effective for small spider veins in the legs.

· Surgical ligation and stripping of the varicose veins.

· Endoscopic vein surgery.

· Radiofrequency ablation.